Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. It primarily affects the skin, peripheral nerves, mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract, and the eyes. Here’s an overview of leprosy, its treatment, and related matters:
Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious condition caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. It primarily affects the skin, nerves, respiratory tract, and eyes. Fortunately, leprosy is now a curable disease, thanks to the advent of multidrug therapy (MDT) provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) free of charge. Treatment for paucibacillary leprosy typically involves a six-month regimen of rifampicin and dapsone, while multibacillary leprosy requires a twelve-month course including rifampicin, dapsone, and clofazimine. Most patients become non-infectious within days of starting therapy, which is highly effective in eradicating the infection and preventing its transmission.
Leprosy has been eliminated as a public health problem in most countries, defined by the WHO as a prevalence rate of less than 1 case per 10,000 people. Global efforts have significantly reduced the disease burden through:In summary, while leprosy is curable with proper treatment, ongoing efforts are essential to overcome remaining challenges, prevent transmission, and address the social and healthcare barriers that still exist in some parts of the world.
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