Intellectual Disability

Intellectual Disability

Deficits in intellectual functioning, this includes various mental abilities:

  • Reasoning
  • Problem solving
  • Planning
  • Abstract thinking
  • Judgment
  • Academic learning (ability to learn in school via traditional teaching methods)
  • Experiential learning (the ability to learn through experience, trial and error, and observation).

Deficits or impairments in adaptive functioning:

This includes skills needed to live in an independent and responsible manner. Limited abilities in these life skills make it difficult to achieve age appropriate tandards of behavior. Without these skills, a person needs additional supports to succeed at school, work, or independent life. Deficits in adaptive functioning are measured using standardized, culturally appropriate tests.

Various skills are needed for daily living:

Amnesia is other prominent impairment of recent and remote memory. While immediate recall is preserved, the ability to learn new material is markedly reduced.

For older adolescents and adults (age 17 and older):

A degree that is inconsistent with developmental level and that negatively impacts directly on social and academic/occupational activities: Note: The symptoms are not solely a manifestation of oppositional behavior, defiance, hostility, or a failure to understand tasks or instructions. For older adolescents and adults (age 17 and older), at least five symptoms are required.

Feet or squirms in seat:

Often fidgets with or taps hands or feet or squirms in seat. Often leaves seat in situations when remaining seated is expected (e.g., leaves his or her place in the classroom, in the office or other workplace, or in other situations that require remaining in place). Often unable to play or engage in leisure activities quietly. Is often “on the go,” acting as if “driven by a motor” (e.g., is unable to be or uncomfortable being still for extended time, as in restaurants, meetings; may be experienced by others as being restless or difficult to keep up with).

Often talks excessively:

  • Often blurts out an answer before a question has been completed (e.g., completes people’s sentences; cannot wait for turn in conversation). Often has difficulty waiting his or her turn (e.g., while waiting in line).

Often interrupts or intrudes on others (e.g., butts into conversations, games, or activities; may start using other people’s things without asking or receiving permission; for adolescents and adults, may intrude into or take over what others are doing).